The Ultimate Guide to Dog Nutrition: What to Feed, What to Avoid, and How to Support Your Aging Pup

When it comes to keeping our furry friends happy and healthy, proper nutrition is key. However, in our experience pet parents are unsure what proper nutrition means for their dog. When we asked our community up to 79% wanted more help in keeping their pets healthy.

We have created the following guide to explore what dogs can eat, what to avoid, what a balanced diet looks like, and the best supplements for aging pets Just like humans, dogs need a balanced diet to thrive—one that supports their energy levels, immune system, digestion, and overall well-being. Whether you’re raising a playful puppy or caring for a senior dog, understanding their dietary needs is essential.

What Foods Can Dogs Eat?

Dogs can safely enjoy a wide variety of foods, many of which are already in your kitchen. Here are some dog-friendly options:

• Lean Meats: Cooked chicken, turkey, and lean beef (no seasoning or bones).
• Fruits: Apples (without seeds), blueberries, bananas, watermelon, and pumpkin.
• Vegetables: Carrots, green beans, sweet potatoes, peas, and cucumbers.
• Grains: Brown rice, oatmeal, and quinoa (cooked and plain).
• Dairy: In moderation, plain yogurt and cheese can be tolerated by some dogs.

Always introduce new foods slowly and in small amounts to avoid digestive upset.

What Does a Balanced Diet for Dogs Look Like?

A balanced canine diet should include:

• Protein: Essential for muscle development and energy.
• Fats: Important for skin and coat health, as well as nutrient absorption.
• Carbohydrates: A source of quick energy and dietary fibre.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Crucial for immune function, bone health, and metabolic support.
• Water: Always provide clean, fresh water.

Most commercial dog foods are formulated to meet these needs, but always check the label for high-quality ingredients. Look for whole food sources, named proteins, and a complete nutrient profile that suits your dog's age, size, and activity level.

Portion Control and Treat Awareness

One of the most common causes of health issues in dogs is overfeeding. According to the 2024 UK pet food report 50% of dogs are overweight. Yet when we asked our community only 5% said that they thought their pet was overweight. This demonstrates a huge gap in perception vs reality. Why does this matter? Obesity can lead to joint problems, diabetes, heart disease, and a shorter lifespan. Here's how to avoid it:

• Follow Feeding Guidelines: Use your dog food’s portion chart as a starting point and adjust based on your dog’s weight and activity. Our recommendation is to weigh your dog’s food before feeding, this ensures you are consistent, rather than relying on measuring cups which aren’t accurate.
• Avoid Excess Treats: Treats should make up no more than 10% of your dog’s daily caloric intake. If you need to use a lot of treats for training purposes, we recommend that you lower the amount of their main food accordingly.
• Watch Out for Poor-Quality Treats: Many low-cost supermarket bought treats are high in fat, sodium, and artificial preservatives. These can contribute to weight gain, pancreatitis, and digestive problems. Avoid treats that list “animal by-products,” “meat meal,” or sugar as a top ingredient.

Opt instead for healthy, whole-food alternatives like freeze-dried meats, fresh veggies (like carrot sticks), or single-ingredient chews.

Foods Dogs Should Never Eat

Some human foods are toxic to dogs and should be avoided at all costs:

• Chocolate
• Grapes and raisins
• Onions and garlic
• Xylitol (found in sugar-free gum and some peanut butters)
• Alcohol
• Chicken bones
• Caffeinated beverages

If your dog ingests any of these, contact your vet immediately

The Best Supplements for Aging Dogs

As dogs age, their bodies undergo changes that can affect mobility, digestion, and immunity. The right supplements can help ease these transitions and support your pet’s quality of life. Here are some of the top supplements to consider:

• Glucosamine and Chondroitin: Support joint health and improve mobility in dogs with arthritis or age-related stiffness.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Sourced from fish oil or algae, these fatty acids help reduce inflammation, promote brain function, and support heart health.
• Probiotics: Aid in digestion and help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria, especially important for senior dogs with sensitive stomachs.
• Antioxidants: Vitamins C and E, along with other antioxidant compounds, help fight free radicals and support cognitive and immune health.
• Plasma Supplements: Bioactive plasma proteins—derived from porcine or bovine sources—are an emerging supplement shown to support immune system function and improve vitality in aging dogs. Plasma can help regulate inflammation and enhance nutrient absorption, especially in dogs with age-related immune decline. DotDotPet's Multifits contain plasma as their main functional ingredient.
• Senior Dog Multivitamins: Comprehensive formulas designed to fill any nutritional gaps and support aging organs. DotDotPet's Multifit Multivitamins can help your elderly dog stay in top condition.

As always, consult your veterinarian before introducing new supplements. They can help tailor recommendations to your dog’s specific needs, health conditions, and breed sensitivities.

Our Final Thoughts

Providing proper nutrition is one of the most loving things you can do for your dog. From selecting healthy foods and portioning meals mindfully, to choosing safe treats and age-appropriate supplements, every choice you make plays a role in your dog’s lifelong wellness. If you're ever unsure, your veterinarian is your best resource for personalized dietary guidance.